Bacterial Vaginosis Treatment: Flagyl (Metronidazole)

Bacterial Vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection in women of reproductive age. It happens when naturally occurring bacteria in the vagina grow out of balance, with certain types multiplying too rapidly. It is not a sexually transmitted infection, though sexual activity can shift the bacterial environment. Common signs include a thin, grey or white discharge and a distinctive fishy odour, particularly after sex. Some women notice mild itching or irritation; others have no symptoms at all.

Key points

The condition arises from an imbalance in bacteria that are already naturally present, not from an external sexually transmitted organism.
A thin grey or white discharge with a distinctive fishy odour, often more noticeable after sex, is the classic sign.
Metronidazole works against the anaerobic organisms driving the imbalance and is taken as a short course or vaginal gel.
Stopping treatment early can let the infection return, and recurrence is common even after a full course.

How bacterial vaginosis is treated

BV responds well to antibiotics. The standard treatment is metronidazole, an antibiotic that targets the anaerobic bacteria responsible for the imbalance. It is taken as a short oral course or applied as a vaginal gel. Completing the full course matters even when symptoms clear quickly, as stopping early can allow the infection to return.

BV recurrence is common, especially in humid climates where heat and moisture can affect vaginal pH. If symptoms return within a few weeks, a longer or repeat course may be needed. Avoiding scented soaps and vaginal douching helps preserve the bacterial balance after treatment.

If you develop a fever, pelvic pain, or symptoms that worsen despite treatment, see a doctor promptly.

Medicine used to treat Bacterial Vaginosis

Metronidazole

Key points

How bacterial vaginosis is treated

Further reading